You will learn
- Describe the centre.
- Describe the spread.
- Spot an outlier.
- Choose mean or median.
Version 0.1 · published for early use · expert review pending Standards alignment: pending verification. Not yet reviewed against the Courseversity scorecard.
Student lesson
Words to know
How data are spread.
Very different value.
Stretched on one side.
Typical value.
1. Discover: one big value
Five pupils read 2, 3, 3, 4 and 18 books. Is the mean a fair “typical” value?
2. Understand: interpreting distributions
- Mean = 30 ÷ 5 = 6; median = 3.
- 18 is an outlier; it pulls the mean up.
- The median describes the typical pupil better here.
- Describe: centre, spread (range 16), shape, and any outlier.
3. Explore: describe
You need paper.
- Find mean and median.
- Find the range.
- Spot outliers.
- Write a sentence.
Think about it: what did you notice?
Median 3.
4. Practise
Guided practice
Question 1. Mean?
6.
Question 2. Median?
3.
Question 3. Outlier?
18.
Independent practice
- Mean of 2, 3, 3, 4, 18
- Median of 2, 3, 3, 4, 18
- Range
- Outlier
- Better typical value here
Answers are in the answer key below. Try first, then check.
5. Apply: everyday mathematics
Books read: 2,3,3,4,18. Which typical value is fairer?
Show a sample answer
The median, 3.
6. Common mistake
Fix: Name and explain it.
7. Check and master
Answer all questions. You will see feedback after each one.
Your result appears here after you answer every question.
8. Key takeaways
- Centre, spread, shape.
- Outliers affect the mean.
- Median resists outliers.
9. Next lesson
Next lesson: Understanding mathematical problems. Keep going with the next idea in this course.
Printable worksheet
- Mean of 2,3,3,4,18
- Median
- Range
- Outlier
- Better typical value
Homework
Collect data with one unusual value and describe it.
Answer key and marking scheme
| Question | Expected response | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Mean of 2,3,3,4,18 | 6 | 2 |
| Median | 3 | 2 |
| Range | 16 | 2 |
| Outlier | 18 | 2 |
| Better typical value | median | 2 |
| Total | 10 |
Practice answers: Worksheet: 1 6; 2 3; 3 16; 4 18; 5 median.
Quiz answers: 1 A, 2 B, 3 C, 4 A, 5 B, challenge C.
Mastery and remediation
| Objective | Bronze (Developing) | Silver (Proficient) | Gold (Advanced) |
|---|---|---|---|
| O1 Describe the centre | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
| O2 Describe the spread | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
| O3 Spot an outlier | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
| O4 Choose mean or median | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
Proposed Courseversity thresholds for this page: Bronze = at least 3 of 5 core questions correct; Silver = all 5; Gold = all 5 plus the challenge. A badge is never a full record of progress.
If a learner struggles
- Find the misconception: Ignoring an outlier. Name and explain it.
- Explain another way: use real objects first, then pictures.
- Show a simpler example: Mean and median.
- Guided practice: work through one example together and let the learner try the next one.
- Reassess: use the quiz again or the worksheet.
- Move on when the learner shows Silver-level evidence independently.
Teacher package
1–5. Objectives, prerequisites, materials, preparation, duration
Lesson objectives. Learners will: describe the centre; describe the spread; spot an outlier; choose mean or median.
Prerequisite knowledge. Lessons 7–10.
Materials. Counters (stones, seeds or bottle tops), paper, pencils, board or chalkboard. Low-resource options: use stones, seeds, sticks, bottle tops or drawings in the sand or on the board instead of printed materials.
Preparation. Gather the counters and draw the example pictures on the board before the lesson.
Suggested duration. 35–45 minutes.
6–9. Teaching procedure, explanation notes, guided and independent activities
Introduction (5 min). Start with the Discover situation and let learners suggest ideas before you teach.
Explanation (10 min). Teach the Understand section with real objects first, then pictures, then symbols and words.
Guided activity (10 min). You need paper. Learners follow the Explore steps in pairs.
Independent activity (10 min). Learners complete the independent practice and the worksheet.
Assessment and reflection (5 min). Ask each learner to say one thing they learned and how they know it.
Teacher explanation notes. Use the concrete, pictorial, abstract order: real objects first, then pictures, then symbols and words. Return to real objects whenever a learner needs support.
10–12. Differentiation, formative assessment, common misconceptions
Support. Use real objects and work with a partner; say each step aloud together. Extension. Ask learners to make up their own example and explain it to a partner.
Formative assessment. Listen to learner explanations, ask “how do you know?”, and check the independent work.
Misconceptions. Ignoring an outlier. Name and explain it.
13–15. Assessment questions, answer keys, marking scheme
Use the quiz and worksheet on this page. The 10-mark scheme and all answers are in the answer key above. Re-check every answer and the marking scheme before publication.
16–19. Remediation, enrichment, homework, teacher reflection
Remediation. Mean and median. Enrichment. Invite learners to find or create three more examples at home or in the classroom and explain them. Homework. See above.
Teacher reflection. After teaching, record: which concepts learners understood; which misconceptions occurred; which activities worked; which learners need more practice; and what to improve next time.
Sources and standards
Alignment is pending verification and no external endorsement is claimed. Reference starting points named in the Courseversity standard: Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, Cambridge Primary and the IB Primary Years Programme. Specific standard codes will be added once checked against the official documents.