You will learn
- Count to 100 by ones.
- Count to 100 in tens.
- Use a hundred chart to find numbers.
- Say the number that comes before and after in 1 to 100.
Version 0.2 · expanded edition · built from cited public sources Content is based on the official frameworks and sources listed under Sources and standards. No official endorsement is claimed. Written in the style of common primary school assessments. No exam result is promised.
Student lesson
- Count to 100 by ones. Count to 100 by tens.
- A hundred chart has 10 rows of 10.
- Going right adds 1. Going down adds 10.
- 100 is ten tens.
Words to know
Ten tens, written 100.
A grid of numbers from 1 to 100 in rows of ten.
Things side by side, left to right.
Things one above another, top to bottom.
1. Discover: a chart full of numbers
Look at a grid with 100 boxes. Each box has a number. How can we find 67 quickly?
A hundred chart helps us find numbers by their tens and ones.
2. Understand: counting to one hundred
On a hundred chart there are 10 rows with 10 numbers in each. The first row is 1 to 10, the second is 11 to 20, and so on. The last number is 100.
Counting in tens: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100. Ten tens make one hundred.
The numbers in one column go down by ten each time. For example, 4, 14, 24, 34, and so on. The number just below 34 on the chart is 44.
After 59 comes 60. After 99 comes 100.
Idea 1: Count to 100 by tens
Count in tens: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100.
Ten jumps of ten reach one hundred.
Idea 2: The hundred chart
A hundred chart has 10 rows and 10 columns. It shows the numbers 1 to 100.
Move right: add 1. Move left: take away 1. Move down one row: add 10. Move up one row: take away 10.
Why? Each row holds ten numbers, so a row below is ten more.
Idea 3: Before and after
After 59 comes 60. After 99 comes 100. The number before 80 is 79.
When the ones are nine, a new ten starts. After 99, a new hundred starts.
3. Worked examples
Example 1 (I show you): Ten more than 40
What is ten more than 40?
- Find 40 on the chart.
- Move down one row.
- You are on 50.
Answer: 50
Example 2 (We do it together): What comes after 79?
What number comes after 79?
- 79 has nine ones.
- A new ten starts.
Answer: 80
Example 3 (You try): Count in tens from 70
Count in tens: 70, 80, 90, __
Show the steps and answer
- Each jump is ten.
- Say 80, 90, then 100.
Answer: 100
Did you know?
A century is a time of 100 years. A cricket player scores a century when they make 100 runs.
Why this matters
We use numbers to 100 for ages, scores, test marks and money.
4. Explore: chart patterns
You need a hundred chart (draw one with 10 rows of 10 if you have none).
- Put your finger on 5. Move down one row. What number is it?
- Keep moving down. What do you notice about the ones digit?
- Start at 30. Count on in tens by moving down.
- Find 67. Say the number before and after it.
Think about it: what did you notice?
The ones digit stays the same when you move down: 5, 15, 25, 35… Moving down adds ten. 66 is before 67 and 68 is after.
5. Practise
Say it in a sentence
Use these starters when you talk about the lesson. Say them out loud.
- Ten more than ___ is ___.
- After ___ comes ___.
- I count in tens: ___, ___, ___.
- On a hundred chart, the number below ___ is ___.
Guided practice
Question 1. What comes after 59?
60.
Question 2. Count in tens: 70, 80, __, __.
90, 100.
Question 3. What number is just below 34 on the chart?
44.
Independent practice
Level 1: Start
- Count from 90 to 100.
- What comes after 79?
- What is ten more than 40?
- Count in tens from 10 to 100.
- What number is just before 100?
Level 2: Grow
- Count from 95 to 100.
- What is ten more than 30?
- What comes just before 70?
Level 3: Stretch
- What number is directly below 52 on a hundred chart?
- What number is directly above 85?
- Count back in tens from 100 to 60.
Answers are in the answer key below. Try first, then check.
6. Apply: everyday mathematics
A teacher has 8 packs of pencils with 10 in each pack. How many pencils are there?
Show a sample answer
Eight tens is 80 pencils.
Another one. You read 10 pages of a book each day. Which page do you reach after 4 days?
Show a sample answer
Count in tens: 10, 20, 30, 40. You reach page 40.
7. Common mistakes
Fix: After a number ending in 9, the next ten begins: 69 then 70.
Fix: After 79 comes 80. Nine ones, then a new ten.
Fix: Down one row adds ten. Along a row adds one.
8. Lesson summary and revision card
- I can count to 100 by ones.
- I can count to 100 in tens.
- I can use a hundred chart to find numbers.
- I can say the number before and after, from 1 to 100.
9. Check and master
Answer all 14 questions. You will see feedback after each one.
Your result appears here after you answer every question.
10. Key takeaways
- Ten tens make 100.
- A hundred chart has 10 rows of 10.
- Moving down a row adds ten.
- After 99 comes 100.
11. Next lesson
Lesson 10: Tens and ones. You will see how every two-digit number is made of tens and ones.
Exam practice
These questions are written in the style of common school and international primary assessments. Try them on your own, without looking back. Then check your answers in the marking guide. The marks are shown in brackets.
- Write the missing numbers: 97, 98, __, 100 [1 mark]
- Count in tens and fill the gaps: 20, __, 40, __, 60 [2 marks]
- What number is ten more than 45? [1 mark]
- What number comes just before 80 and just after 80? [2 marks]
- On a hundred chart, Ben is on 24. He moves down one row, then right 2 squares. Which number is he on? Show how. [3 marks]
Total: 9 marks.
Marking guide and model answers
- 99 [1]
- 30 [1], 50 [1]
- 55 [1]
- 79 [1]; 81 [1]
- Down one row gives 34 [1]. Right 2 gives 35, 36 [1]. Answer 36 [1].
Score guide: 8 to 9 = secure. 6 to 7 = nearly there, revise the parts you missed. Under 6 = work through the lesson again with a grown-up.
Printable worksheet
- What comes after 49?
- What comes after 79?
- Count in tens: 20, 30, __, 50, __.
- What number is ten more than 60?
- What comes before 100?
- What comes after 89?
- Count in tens: 50, 60, __, 80.
- What number is ten more than 20?
- What number is just before 100?
- How many tens make 100?
Homework
Make or draw a hundred chart with a family member. Colour all the tens numbers (10, 20, 30… 100). Say what pattern you see.
Answer key and marking scheme
| Question | Expected response | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| After 49 | 50 | 2 |
| After 79 | 80 | 2 |
| Count in tens | 40, 60 | 2 |
| Ten more than 60 | 70 | 2 |
| Before 100 | 99 | 2 |
| Total | 10 |
Practice answers: Worksheet: 1 50; 2 80; 3 40 and 60; 4 70; 5 99.
Quiz answers: 1 B, 2 C, 3 A, 4 C, 5 A, 6 A, 7 B, 8 C, 9 A, 10 B, 11 C, 12 A, Challenge 1 C, Challenge 2 C.
Extra worksheet answers (items 6 onward): 6 90; 7 70; 8 30; 9 99; 10 10.
Independent practice answers. Level 1: 1 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100; 2 80; 3 50; 4 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100; 5 99. Level 2: 1 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100; 2 40; 3 69. Level 3: 1 62; 2 75; 3 100, 90, 80, 70, 60.
Mastery and remediation
| Objective | Bronze (Developing) | Silver (Proficient) | Gold (Advanced) |
|---|---|---|---|
| O1 Count to 100 by ones | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
| O2 Count to 100 in tens | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
| O3 Use a hundred chart to find numbers | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
| O4 Say the number that comes before and after in 1 to 100 | Shows this with help from an adult or a picture | Does this independently and explains how they know | Explains it clearly and uses it in a new situation |
Courseversity badge thresholds (overall quiz score): Gold = 90–100%; Silver = 80–89.9%; Bronze = 70–79.9%. A badge is never a full record of progress.
If a learner struggles
- Find the misconception: Learners may stall at the end of each ten. Practise the changeover numbers (29 to 30, 59 to 60, 99 to 100).
- Explain another way: use real objects first, then pictures.
- Show a simpler example: Use a hundred chart and trace each row with a finger while counting.
- Guided practice: work through one example together and let the learner try the next one.
- Reassess: use the quiz again or the worksheet.
- Move on when the learner shows Silver-level evidence independently.
For parents and guardians
In this lesson your child counts to 100 by ones and tens and uses a hundred chart. You do not need to be good at mathematics to help.
- Make a hundred chart together and colour the tens.
- Count to 100 by tens with beans or stones.
- Ask: what is ten more than 23?
- Ask “how do you know?” after each answer, and listen.
- Praise effort, not only right answers. Mistakes are how we learn.
- Ten to fifteen minutes a day is better than one long session.
Teacher package
1–5. Objectives, prerequisites, materials, preparation, duration
Lesson objectives. Learners will: count to 100 by ones; count to 100 in tens; use a hundred chart to find numbers; say the number that comes before and after in 1 to 100.
Prerequisite knowledge. Lesson 8: numbers to 50.
Materials. Counters (stones, seeds or bottle tops), paper, pencils, board or chalkboard. Low-resource options: use stones, seeds, sticks, bottle tops or drawings in the sand or on the board instead of printed materials.
Preparation. Gather the counters and draw the example pictures on the board before the lesson.
Suggested duration. 45–60 minutes. It can be split into two shorter sessions.
6–9. Teaching procedure, explanation notes, guided and independent activities
Introduction (5 min). Show a hundred chart with some numbers covered.
Explanation (10 min). Show rows of ten and counting in tens. Show that moving down adds ten.
Guided activity (10 min). Learners find numbers on the chart and count in tens.
Independent activity (10 min). Learners complete chart tasks.
Assessment and reflection (5 min). Ask each learner to say one thing they learned and how they know it.
Key questions. What happens after 99? How do you add ten on a hundred chart? How many tens are in 100?
Teacher explanation notes. Use the concrete, pictorial, abstract order: real objects first, then pictures, then symbols and words. Return to real objects whenever a learner needs support.
10–12. Differentiation, formative assessment, common misconceptions
Support. Use real objects and work with a partner; say each step aloud together. Extension. Ask learners to make up their own example and explain it to a partner.
Formative assessment. Listen to learner explanations, ask “how do you know?”, and check the independent work.
Misconceptions. Learners may stall at the end of each ten. Practise the changeover numbers (29 to 30, 59 to 60, 99 to 100).
13–15. Assessment questions, answer keys, marking scheme
Use the quiz and worksheet on this page. The 9-mark exam practice scheme, the 10-mark scheme and all answers are in the answer sections above. Re-check every answer and the marking scheme before publication.
16–19. Remediation, enrichment, homework, teacher reflection
Remediation. Use a hundred chart and trace each row with a finger while counting. Enrichment. Invite learners to find or create three more examples at home or in the classroom and explain them. Homework. See above.
Teacher reflection. After teaching, record: which concepts learners understood; which misconceptions occurred; which activities worked; which learners need more practice; and what to improve next time.
Sources and standards
This lesson is based on the sources below, and no official endorsement is claimed. Reference starting points named in the Courseversity standard: Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, Cambridge Primary and the IB Primary Years Programme. Where a standard code is named, it points to the official framework.
Official standards for this topic area. Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (official site): Grade 1 » Number & Operations in Base Ten. These pages list the standards that cover this topic area; read them alongside the lesson.
Research used to shape this lesson. Common Core K.CC.A.1 and 1.NBT.A.1; Cambridge Primary Mathematics Stage 1. These sources informed the lesson.